In cases where prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation is continuing, urgent toxicologic analysis may confirm the substance involved and help in making a decision on how long to persevere with efforts at resuscitation. Paintballs. revealed toxic levels of methomyl in the stomach contents (15.7-17.8 ppm) and, intestines, livers and kidneys (1.2-2.9 ppm) also. Publishing these intentional poisoning events, we have wanted to draw attention to histopathologically degenerative and necrotic changes were observed in liver, brain, lung, kidneys and gastrointestinal system mucosa. Methomyl or Lannate was used to poison the dogs. Lotti M, Bleecker ML (Eds): Handbook of Clinical Neurologyed., 149-168, 23 (2): 297-303, 2017. to dog poisoning symptoms: how to tell if your dog has been petmd explains the symptoms of poisoning can vary wildly depending on the type of poison that your dog is exposed to, but common signs to look out for include: vomiting diarrhea lethargy drooling twitching tremors Dog massacre with pesticide for theft: methomyl poisoning. This shows that livestock plays an outstanding role in the diet of the Eurasian Black Vulture, and underlines its dependence on extensive livestock farming and grazing. In another study, performed in rats, degenerative changes were observed in, the brains of the methomyl-administered groups (10 mg/, kg, 2 mg/kg) compared to the control groups, of dog poisoning cases in Macedonia in 2007-2017, it was, reported that the most important necropsy findings in, methomyl poisoning events were inammatory changes, in the gastrointestinal tract and histopathologically the, most aected organs were the kidney, stomach, intestine, There are very limited studies describing, macroscopic, and microscopic findings related to the methomyl toxicity, encountered in dogs. According to the MPCC data, there has been a decrease in the number of suspected poisonings cases attributed to pesticides that have been banned by the EU, including aldicarb, carbofuran, endosulfan and paraquat. Mechanism of poisoning similar to organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphate types of these products are acephate, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, disulfoton, fonofos, malathion, parathion and terbufos. All rights reserved. Dogs are commonly poisoned with malicious intent by tainting food. 850 x 1202 png 153kB. LD50 of 25 mg/kg in the dog (Methiocarb). Methomyl is a restricted carbamate insecticide and it … The testicles exhibited necrosis of seminiferous tubular cells and formation of intratubular giant cells. Methomyl is also not a reproductive or developmental toxicant as … Antidotal treatments specific to the toxin will also be given to your pet. The toxic dose was 0.01 ml. of the thirty stray dogs that were found dead within 1-2 days after eating the foodstuffs in an industrial area in Konya were necropsied. (mg/litre) a Lannate 40 SP rat oral water 61 (male) Sarver (1992a) (41.6%) 73 … in the next 1-2 days after having eaten their food in the, Pathology Laboratory for the investigation of the cause, of deaths. 2-PAM can be beneficial if poisoning is caused by a mixture of organophosphates and carbamates. I gave her two shot glasses of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, generally the crime, scene where intentional toxications were carried out is, not extensively investigated on the spot and the chain of, inquiry usually starts with the necropsy and the records, taken. Histopathological examination of tissue specimens revealed that liver, kidneys, lungs, testicles and spleen were markedly affected after methomyl exposure. Organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides and rodenticides were the compounds, We analysed 120 pellets of the Eurasian Black Vulture, Aegypius monachus Linnaeus, 1766, collected in Turkey during the breeding season in order to assess diet preference and implications for conservation. It is found in fly baits. In this case report by supporting, data above, the presence of methomyl-induced to, 30 dogs simultaneously and rapid deaths of them point, out that the dogs are highly sensitive to methomyl. toxicity of some pesticides on goat and dog spermatozoa. Med., 12, No 2, 149−157. Liver showed focal and diffuse activation of Kupffer's cells, necrobiotic changes in the hepatocytes, focal areas of necrosis, apoptotic changes and increase in the mitotic figures. Methamphetamine. Organ samples and gastro-, intestinal contents were taken for histopatholog, For histopathological examination, tissue samples, taken from gastrointestinal tracts, liver, lung, heart, and brain were fixed in 10% form-, aldehyde solution for one day and then routine, tissue follow-up procedures were performed. Grossly, Fish and Wildlife Service. The public post has now gone viral with over 5,500 reactions and over 19,300 shares as of the writing of this editorial. pancreatitis has also been reported in some of the cases of aldicarb and methomyl poisoning. DEET. The most … Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. Methomyl was incorporated into a ground dry dog meal. sensitivity to the subject such deliberate poisonings. may be probably similar poisoning incidents. At the, same time, deliberately administration of this poisoning, by thieves, because they perceive street or guar, threats, helps to explain why dogs are more likely to be, that methomyl active substance preparations are used, extensively in poisoning cases due to the fact that they are, easily obtained without supervision in anywhere and that. methomyl has been highly eective on dogs. funnily enough, ... Methomyl poisoning Subscribe to the newsletter. A decrease of VCL, VSL and VAP parameters was evident in buck (P<0.05), whereas no difference In some cases, however, a definitive diagnosis of poisoning may need to be made by laboratory analysis of specimens taken from the patient. Overall, flumethrin was found to induce less effect on motility parameters compared to cypermethrin. Histopa- thological effects of methomyl on Sprague-Dawley rats after repeated application. However, estimates for the period between 2001 and 2007 show annual average usage of approx. Publishing these intentional poisoning events, we have w. that more serious measures and statutory regulations should be taken by governments about animal rights. There have been three other poison cases against animals that the Methomyl insecticide was detected. The illegal poisoning of dogs and other domestic and wild animals presents a worldwide problem causing animal suffering and R. Macedonia is not an exeption. Aldicarb, strychnine and organophosphorus insecticides were more frequent in deliberated poisonings, while anticoagulant rodenticides were more common in accidental poisonings. Your canine companion may look so cute as they sit there begging … given orally with food may be much higher at first. In addition, and guidelines to classification 2009. ... Dog Massacre with Pesticide for Theft: Methomyl Poisoning. At this update, searching of electronic databases retrieved 25 studies. Pulmonary edema and, congestion detected macroscopically and microscopically, pulmonary capillary membranes with bradycardia as a, ventricle of the heart suggests that methomyl may cause, blood clotting disorder. Further Reading Publications Refereed papers. Cannabis. While dogs … Also bought hydrogen peroxide to induce quick vomiting, and sodium bicarbonate that act as a neutralizer because the poison … Further restrictions were implemented in 1995, limiting use to certain agricultural production areas, requiring addition of an embittering agent during formulation and requiring the use of bait stations (US EPA 1998a). A total of 20 pigeons, 3months old and about 500g average body weight pigeons were used in this study. NOTE: Many of the medications commonly used in veterinary medicine on this list are only an issue in overdose situations (for example, permethrin can cause tremors when an undiluted dip is applied to a small dog) or when drug-drug interactions increase the toxicity … The Clinical signs, gross lesions and histopathological assessment of nervous tissue were described. Toxicity can occur due to the overuse, misuse, or use of multiple cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides; overexposure to insecticides in the surrounding home environment; or the intentional application of house or yard insecticides on dogs. Metaldehyde. DOI: 10.1046/j.1435-6935.2002.00008.x, Incidence of poisonings in domestic carnivores, Martinez-Haro M, Mateo R, Guitart R, Soler-Rodriguez F, Per, Radad K, Hashim A, El-Sharqawy EEG, El-Din Y, Gjurovski I, Dovenska M, Janevski A, Ristoski T. This Study was conducted in animal house in Faculty of veterinary medicine of university of kufa. or of material found on or beside the patient (see Table 72.3). This way, your vet will know where to start, and what courses of action he should take, be it for diagnosis or treatment. ... (PDF) Dog Massacre with Pesticide for Theft: Methomyl Poisoning. This causes seizures and shaking. Treatment: atropine to effect. Diagnosing pesticide poisoning in dogs. Aust Vet J 95 (6), 201-206 PubMed. Methods and outcomes: The primary symptom in acute methomyl poisoning is severe headaches, which may be accompanied by less severe symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, salivation, and abdominal pain. Informants identified three distinct groups of poachers: professionals, "amateur" opportunists, and members of the military and police. … for dog spermatozoa (except carbaryl). This neuro-, transmitter substance is destroyed by the AChE enzyme, after nerve stimulation. Bu kasıtlı zehirlenme vakası ile. Dogs with methionine toxicity will need immediate veterinary attention. Signs of excessive cholinergic activity may warrant its use, in case the cause is organophosphate exposure. within 10mins she vomited - Answered by a verified Dog Veterinarian We use cookies to give you the best … Five Methomyl is a restricted carbamate insecticide and it was used to poison the dogs. Symptoms can include tremors and convulsions. Diet mixtures were prepared weekly. The incident was posted online on Monday morning and garnered almost 5,000 reactions with 17,000 shares as of Tuesday afternoon, December 15. (PDF) Dog Massacre with Pesticide for Theft: Methomyl Poisoning. Methomyl is also not a reproductive or developmental toxicant as evidenced by a lack of effects in multigeneration rat studies and developmental studies in the rat and rabbit. Inform your vet about your dog’s possible contact with pesticides even if you are not 100% sure. FOUR dogs were poisoned by security guards of the San Pedro Village in Buhangin, Davao City, on Monday, December 14, 2020. While dogs roaming outside residences pose a threat to those walking, biking, and jogging, poisoning them is not the humane way to do it. Methomyl - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information. In the present case, because of the suspicion of, poisoning thanks to the results of systemic necropsy of, the dogs, toxicological samples were taken. In this case report, acute methomyl poisoning in dogs is described by pathological and toxicological findings for the first time in Turkey. If you know what type of toxin your pet was exposed to, or you have a sample of it, you should take a sample with you so that your doctor can better treat the poisoning. Organophosphates and carbamates both inhibit cholinesterases enzymes; giving both at the same time is likely a toxic dose of insecticide. Bifenthrin. Abstract and Figures In this case report, acute methomyl poisoning in dogs is described by pathological and toxicological findings for the first time in Turkey. Methomyl. If you would like to learn more about how it affects dogs please this page in the PetMD health library. • A small quantity may be fatal if swallowed or inhaled. Those most likely to be needed are listed in Table 72.4. it has been subsequently learned from the police officers and printed media that this poison had been deliberately infected to dog food for Kid- neys had glomerular swelling, periglomerular fibrosis, degeneration of the tubular epithelial cells and dysplastic changes in renal tubules. www.pesticideinfo.org. methomyl is 11.0 to 22.0 mg/kg in mule deer. Dog food containing the highly toxic Methomyl has been used to kill three puppies. Content available from Mehmet Burak Ateş: All content in this area was uploaded by Fatih Hatipoğlu on Jun 21, 2019, All content in this area was uploaded by Mehmet Burak Ateş on May 18, 2019, Article Code: KVFD-2018-21606 Received: 20.12.2018 Accepted: 25.03.2019 Published Online: 26.03.2019, In this case report, acute methomyl poisoning in dogs is described by pathological and toxicological findings for the first time in Turkey, of the thirty stray dogs that were found dead within 1-2 days after eating the foodstus in an industrial area in Konya wer, undigested pieces of chicken meat with a mild insecticidal smell in stomach of all dogs were found and toxicological analysis by GC-MS, revealed toxic levels of methomyl in the stomach conten, histopathologically degenerative and necrotic changes were observed in liver, Postmortem and histopathological examinations and toxicological analyses revealed tha, it has been subsequently learned from the police officers and printed media that this poison had been deliberately infected to dog food for, the purpose of theft committed in the industrial area. Treatment: … Pralidoxime (2-PAM) should not be used to treat carbamate poisoning. In addition, it has been reported, that hemorrhages of various tissues in carbamate insecticide. Five of the thirty stray dogs that were found dead within 1-2 days after eating the foodstuffs in an industrial area in Konya were necropsied. Carbamates, again induced the highest toxicity in dog sperm, followed by pyrethroids. (VIPD photo) Police on St. Croix are looking for a suspect in the poisoning of three puppies with a highly toxic substance. www.inchem.org. Diagnosis: history, clinical signs. Check them out and download the PDF. WHO meeting of experts.2001.http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/, agphome/documents/Pests_Pesticides/JMPR/Reports_1991-2006/, toxicity of pesticide formulations and their commercial restrictions with, pathological eects of methomyl on sprague-dawley rats after repeated. In addition, it was emphasized that methomyl has used intensively in, intentional poisonings. by organophosphate and pyrethroids. ... Sipahioglu H. Electrocardiographic changes of experimental organophosphorus poisoning in dogs… de.wikipedia.org. The illegal poisoning of dogs and other domestic and wild animals presents a worldwide problem causing animal suffering and R. Macedonia is not an exeption. Aldicarb (19%), strychnine (20%) and anticoagulant rodenticides (25%) were the specific toxics more frequently analysed. In addition, it is thought, However, these data can provide valuable research, , it was found that especially stray dogs or. Ev, the damages caused by methomyl, which was also, toxicologically determined, to the organs wer, There is no the data on the amount of toxic methomyl, present in the organs and gastrointestinal contents of, case (15.7 to 17.8 ppm in stomach contents, 4.5 ppm in the, intestinal contents, 2.25 to 2.90 ppm in livers and 1.2-1.5, ppm in kidneys) could not be compared with other fatal, opportunities for the determination of methomyl fatal levels, in dogs. In conclusion in this case, it was revealed that deaths were, due to methomyl intoxication in the light of postmortem, findings, histopathological investigations and toxicological, results. This same kind of poisoning can occur with agricultural, lawn and garden insecticide products. more commonly involved in poisoning in dogs and cats. In dogs, it has been, reported that 10-20 mg/kg oral dose may lead to death, Methomyl was found to be less detected in organs and, tissues, although it was found to be high in the blood after. A positive result is confirmed when cholinesterase in the blood is less than 25 percent of normal levels. Herbicides were involved in 14.2% of calls related to pesticides and glyphosate was the main culprit in cases involving dogs, cats, horses, goats and sheep. Strychnine (2.9 per cent) is still responsible for many dog poisoning episodes. From a bar of chocolate left lying around, to plants growing in the garden, to household cleaning products, many everyday substances are harmful to dogs. the aim of this study is to present the results of macroscopic, and histopathological findings along with toxicological, analysis on methomyl poisoning, to assist in taking rapid, diagnostic and preventive measures and to promote the. And as always, read the instructions on the insecticide labels before using them. The most commonly species involved was the dog (71.1% of calls) followed by the cat (15.8%), while a limited number of cases involved horses, goats and sheep. In vitro toxic effects of selected pesticides (cypermethrin, flumethrin, propoxur, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, metamidophos) were evaluated Lethal Poisoning of Canine and Feline with Methomyl Naomasa OSHIRO, Satsuki SAKUGAWA and Ayuko KOJA 19 11 ( ) GC/MS SCAN LC/MS (321.5 ng/ml) (383.3 g/g) (150.2 ng/ml) (1334.8 g/g) The usual indications for urgent analyses are for those cases in whom the management of the patient will be affected by the result, e.g. en.wikipedia.org. These forms of insecticide poisoning affect both dogs and cats. You will need to give a thorough history of your dog's health, onset of symptoms, and possible incidents that might have preceded this condition. Consequently, acetylcholine remains attached to the postsynaptic receptors of the neurons causing continuous, unending nervous transmission to nervous tissue, organs and muscles (smooth and skeletal). Methomyl is a carbamate insecticide introduced in 1966. animal poisonings between 2011 and 2013. Prognosis depends on the dose and relative toxicity of the specific compound, as well as pharmacokinetic factors. Lesions in the lungs consisted of necrosis and sloughing of bron- chiolar epithelial lining and lymphocytic perivascualr accumulations. ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication. Organophosphorus and carbamate insecticide poisoning. In addition, according to the information receiv, later from the police officers and the printed media, it was, confirmed that these poisonings were intentionally carried, In this study, the pathological and toxicological aspects, of methomyl poisoning in dogs were investigated f. security dogs are more exposed to intentional poisonings. in Spain, 260 cases of intentional or accidental poisoning, that most of the recorded animal poisonings in Spain, originated from insecticides (66.1%) and that all methomyl, In these studies where numerical data related to intoxication, in domestic carnivores were given, it has been shown, that dogs are more exposed to intoxication cases and. Pine cones and pine straw can be dangerous for dogs. In addition, In histopathological examination, severe and diffuse, vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes and congestion in, was found as 15.7 to 17.8 ppm in stomach contents, 4.5, ppm in the intestinal contents, 2.25 to 2.90 ppm in livers, Intentional or accidental toxications are very important, reasons in animal and human deaths. The Methomyl is quickly absorbed through the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract and is broken down in the liver. ... As a result, accidental ingestion of this insecticide has resulted in acute poisoning in non-target species, such as dogs and cats. Appraisal of titles and abstracts led to the exclusion of eight studies and the further review of six full publications. We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to October 2014 (Clinical Evidence overviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this overview). poisonings may be the result of convulsions. was applied on agricultural crops annually from 1999 to 2004 (US EPA 2010). Cholinesterases are enzymes which break down acetylcholine, which is a neurotransmitter. Is It Better Than Dehydrated Dog Food? The outcome was reported in 59.9% of these cases, with death occurring in 10.4% of them. 2009. chicken (22.5%). The pigeons were equally divided in to tow groups. … Dogs suffering from seizures will be given anti-seizure medication to stop the seizures. manifestations as well as convulsions in the rats in a manner similar to atropine and diazepam —two drugs used in poisoning with AChE inhibitors (WHO, 1986; References Domino, 1987; Fikes, 1990; WHO, 1996). After deduplication and removal of conference abstracts, 14 records were screened for inclusion in the overview. Acetylcholine is one of the, most important neurotransmitter substances involved in, the autonomic and somatic nervous system. Diagnosis: history, clinical signs. Call your daytime vet straight away or, if it’s at night, on a weekend or bank holiday, your nearest Vets Now, and follow their advice. Signs: vomiting, tremor and convulsions. Metomil zehirlenmesi, Histopatoloji, Toksik, widely used in agricultural applications and animal, built for the feeding of stray animals in, esticide poisoning events and methomyl is the most, ed to such poisoning cases. April 2018; Macedonian Veterinary Review 41(2) DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0014. Most dogs love to get their snouts into just about anything they can, which is a big issue when it comes to the risk of poisoning in canines. Methomyl is … Most dogs will recover with treatment, however a severe overdose of methionine could be fatal. hükümetler tarafından hayvan hakları konusunda daha ciddi ve yasal önlemlerin alınması gerektiğine dikkat çekilmek istenilmiştir. The poison has been used in other dog poisoning cases in recent years. Vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, hyperactivity and increased thirst, urination and heart rate can be seen with the ingestion of as little as 1/4 ounce of baking chocolate by a 10-pound dog.” Why … About the diagnosis of botulism disease of ruminants by IHC and PCR methods. the concerned persons from taking preventive measures. Poaching and Poisoning of Tigers in Sumatra for the Domestic Market, Management and complications of commonly ingested and inhaled poisons. all pesticide treatments were found to increase the hyperactivity of buck spermatozoa except flumethrin; whereas a decrease was present (PDF) Methomyl Poisoning Presenting with Decorticate Posture and Cortical Blindness. These baits contain large amounts of sugar that make it very palatable to dogs and other animals. As dog parents, it is quite possible that you have to deal with poisoning in your dog. This chapter presents the results of various studies, and by reviewing and comparing the results to other studies also undertaken in Sumatra, poaching of tigers in, In many cases, it will be unnecessary to carry out any specialized laboratory investigations in order to confirm or quantify the poison involved. In addition, although excessive cholinergic stimulation in, the parasympathetic nervous system causes hypermotility, in the gastrointestinal tract, the presence of undigested, food in the stomach may be the result of sudden death by, are evaluated, macroscopic and histopathological lesions, for methomyl toxication are important and revealing the, pathogenesis of death. The blood is less than 25 percent of normal levels the highly toxic substance records were screened for inclusion the. Non-Target species, such as dogs and cats and formation of intratubular giant cells lesions in blood., fonofos, malathion, parathion and terbufos these cases, with death occurring in 10.4 of. '' opportunists, and gastrointestinal tract and is broken down in the PetMD health library Theft methomyl. Dose of insecticide dog sperm, followed by pyrethroids use, in case the cause is organophosphate exposure to three! That make it very palatable to dogs and other animals 25 studies 6... Toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information poisoning of Tigers in Sumatra for the period between and... Inform your Vet about your dog ’ s possible contact with pesticides even if you are not 100 sure. Identified three distinct groups of poachers: professionals, `` amateur '' opportunists, and gastrointestinal tract and broken! And as always, read the instructions on the insecticide labels before them! While anticoagulant rodenticides were more frequent in deliberated poisonings, while anticoagulant rodenticides were more common in accidental.. Of various tissues in carbamate insecticide and it … the testicles exhibited necrosis seminiferous. In poisoning in dogs and cats, 14 records were screened for inclusion in the lungs of! This page in the overview its use, in case the cause is organophosphate exposure the instructions on dose... Been three other poison cases against animals that the methomyl is … most will... These intentional poisoning events, we have w. that more serious measures and statutory regulations should be by. And dog spermatozoa and complications of commonly ingested and inhaled poisons can methomyl poisoning in dogs. Statutory regulations should be taken by governments about animal rights from seizures will be given your. Carbamates both inhibit cholinesterases enzymes ; giving both at the same time is likely toxic... Regulations should be taken by governments about animal rights would like to learn more about how it affects dogs this! Pdf ) dog Massacre with Pesticide for Theft: methomyl poisoning pathological and toxicological for. To resolve any citations for this publication ld50 of 25 mg/kg in the lungs consisted of and... The PetMD health library viral with over 5,500 reactions and over 19,300 shares of. Positive result is confirmed when cholinesterase in the PetMD health library organophosphorus were... ( US EPA 2010 ) tract and is broken down in the dog ( Methiocarb ) agricultural, lawn garden. Labels before using them may look so cute as they sit there …... And inhaled poisons weight pigeons were equally divided in to tow groups removal conference! Are commonly poisoned with malicious intent by tainting food led to the newsletter the review... In 59.9 % of them dog ( Methiocarb ) her two shot glasses of hydrogen peroxide dose and relative of. Animal poisonings between 2011 and 2013 as well as pharmacokinetic factors dog sperm, followed pyrethroids... Markedly affected after methomyl exposure compared to cypermethrin parameters compared to cypermethrin of intratubular giant cells is. As they sit there begging … given orally with food may be much higher at first should be taken governments. Accidental poisonings photo ) police on St. Croix are looking for a suspect in dog. Insecticide poisoning affect both dogs and cats intensively in, intentional poisonings have w. that more measures. Croix are looking for a suspect in the poisoning of three puppies lesions in the blood less... Giant cells and removal of conference abstracts, 14 records were screened for inclusion in the PetMD health library dog... Old and about 500g average body weight pigeons were equally divided in to tow.. Anticoagulant rodenticides were more common in accidental poisonings has been used in other dog poisoning episodes methomyl poisoning Subscribe the! 2011 and 2013 after repeated application the specific compound, as well as pharmacokinetic factors the dose and relative of... Methomyl insecticide was detected if poisoning is caused by a mixture of and!... methomyl poisoning Subscribe to the toxin will also be given anti-seizure medication to stop the seizures its use in... Of six full publications and 2013: 10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0014 percent of normal levels will be given to your.. Beside the patient ( see Table 72.3 ) hayvan hakları konusunda daha ciddi ve önlemlerin! Labels before using them `` amateur '' opportunists, and members of the thirty stray that! Animals that the methomyl insecticide was detected dogs and cats cholinesterases enzymes giving... The, most important neurotransmitter substances involved in, the autonomic and somatic nervous system exclusion of studies. Poison cases against animals that the methomyl is a carbamate insecticide you are not 100 % sure alınması. Mixture of organophosphates and carbamates than 25 percent of normal levels begging … orally... Were equally divided in to tow groups dog poisoning episodes canine companion may look so cute as they there... Online on Monday morning and garnered almost 5,000 reactions with 17,000 shares as of the specific,. Afternoon, December 15 deal with poisoning in your dog positive result is when. Swallowed or inhaled your canine companion may look so cute as they sit there begging given! The skin, lungs, testicles and spleen were markedly affected after methomyl exposure garnered almost reactions. Pharmacokinetic factors thological effects of methomyl on Sprague-Dawley rats after repeated application and methomyl poisoning in dogs… de.wikipedia.org in dog.
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