Oppressed, released, favoured, despised, or aggrandised; in East or West; hating Christians, loving to blaspheme Christ, forced (as they would remain Jews) to explain away the prophecies which speak of Him, deprived of the sacrifices which, to their forefathers, spoke of Him and His atonement;--still, as a mass, they blindly wait for Him, the true knowledge of whom, His offices, His priesthood, and His kingdom, they have laid aside. The teraphim were tutelary household gods, in the shape of human busts, cut off at the waist (as the root of the Hebrew word implies) [Maurer], (Genesis 31:19, Genesis 31:30-35). He has preserved them from mingling with idolaters or Mahommedans. Hosea 10:1 and Exodus 24:4.) He describes the gracious method that God took to bring them home to himself. They did not turn, therefore all this came upon them; and it is written for admonition to us. The Vulgate, Arabic, and Syriac read nearly the same. It is asked, why “ephod” is mentioned; for the priesthood continued among the tribe of Judah, and the ephod, it is well known, was a part of the sacerdotal dress. The ephod was the high priest's garment of ceremony; the teraphim were some kind of amulets, telesms, or idolatrous images; the urim and thummim belonged to the breastplate, which was attached to the ephod. Dummelow compared them to the Lares of ancient Rome,[30] and Harper compared them to the Penates. The Messages of Expostulation, Judgment and Mercy - Hosea 4–14. “Though then your exile should be long, still cherish,” he says, “strong hope in your hearts; for so long a trial must necessarily be made of your repentance; as you have very often pretended to return to the Lord, and soon after your hypocrisy was discovered; and then ye became hardened in your wilful obstinacy: it is therefore necessary that the Lord should subdue you by a long chastisement.” Hence he says, The children of Israel shall abide without a king and without a prince. i.; St. Jerome) --- This wretched state will probably continue till they at last embrace the yoke of Christ, the true king of ages. Hosea 3:3-4 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG) - Read this chapter 3 And I said H559 unto her, Thou shalt abide H3427 for me many H7227 days; H3117 thou shalt not play the harlot, H2181 and thou shalt not be H1961 for another man: H376 so will I also be for thee. Into this state the ten tribes were brought upon their captivity, and (those only excepted who joined the two tribes or have been converted to the Gospel,) they have ever since remained in it.' Oppression has not extinguished them, favor has not bribed them. Title: Hosea: Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the Old Testament [ZECOT] By: Jerry Hwang Format: Hardcover Number of Pages: 384 Vendor: Zondervan Publication Date: 2021 Dimensions: 9.1 X 7.4 (inches) Weight: 1 pound 12 ounces ISBN: 0310942373 ISBN-13: 9780310942375 Series: Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the Old Testament Stock No: WW942375 They seem to have been images, made in some general resemblance of the person of a man, 1 Samuel 19:13; 1 Samuel 19:16. Gomer is not faithful to Hosea, yet God commands the prophet to take her … He loved them, and “They turned to other gods.” The outward idolatry was but a fruit and a symbol of the inward. Jamieson interpreted this passage as a pairing of the legitimate and illegitimate, making the sacrifice and pillar, ephod and teraphim, to be in each pair the true opposed to the false. In the last two passages the word is translated “idols,” “images,” their use as instruments of divination being condemned. 1. The Persian law commanded that at the death of their kings there should be πενθ ημερων ανομιαν, a suspension of laws, a lawless liberty, for the length of five days (Stob. Chapter 4. But the words of the prophecy go beyond the first and immediate occasion of it. They would have none of the things that marked them as God"s people or that they had used to worship idols. The teraphim I take to have been figures of the like mystic import; but of materials less costly, of coarser work, and certainly upon a smaller scale. See the Annotations. View more titles. 2 So I bought her for fifteen shekels of silver and … Thus we read, Genesis 28:18, that Jacob, after the divine vision he had had, took the stone that he had put for his pillow, and set it up for a PILLAR, (Hebrew, מצבה, the same word which is used here,) and poured oil upon the top of it; that is, he made an altar of it to pour out a libation upon it, as a token of gratitude for the vision with which he had been favoured, and to ratify, in a solemn manner, his resolution of serving Jehovah. Thus he viewed the sacrifice as true worship, the pillar as false; and the ephod as approved and the teraphim disapproved. During this time they would not have a king or leader (i.e, enjoy national sovereignty), sacrifices or sacred pillar (or stone, i.e, engage in formal religious activity), ephod or household idols (Heb. Yet they exist still, a monument to Us, of God’s abiding wrath on sin, as Lot’s wife was to them, encrusted, stiff, lifeless, only that we know “the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God, and they that hear shall live.” (E. B. Pusey, D. D.), "For the children of Israel shall abide many days without king, and without prince, and without sacrifice, and without pillar, and without ephod or teraphim.". But the Hebrews talk idly when they say that these images were made of a constellation, and that they afterwards uttered words: but all this has been invented, and we know what liberty they take in devising fables. By the price that the prophet pays for this adulteress, is represented the vileness and worthlessness of that sinful people. Note; (1.) Hebrew. But alas! (2.) God interposed by miracles to hinder the effort which challenged His omnipotence. they slay the firstborn of a man, cut off his head, and pickle it with salt and oil, and inscribe on a plate of gold the name of an unclean spirit, and put that under his tongue; then they place it in a wall, and light candles before it, and pray unto it, and it talks with them.'. This chapter contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Hosea son of Beeri, about the impending destruction to Israel and Judah for their impiety and idolatry. (Jeremiah 29:10.) The common ephod worn by the lower priests, Levites, and any person performing sacred rites (as, for instance. 2Douglas Stuart, Hosea-Jonah, p. xliii. Read Hosea 4 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). Without a king — Namely of their own; and without a prince — Without any civil magistrate of their own with supreme authority. (Vatable, &c.) --- What misfortune, however, would the latter be? Hosea 8 is the eighth chapter of the Book of Hosea in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. 2,300 years the truth of this has been seen. . The line of Aaron is forgotten, unknown, and cannot be recovered. But now that they have gone a whoring from him he will give but fifteen pieces of silver for them, so much have they lost in their value by their iniquity. This, like the teraphim, had been in use among many of the worshippers of Jehovah in early ages; but was absolutely prohibited by Moses. - Southern Kingdom). The heathen idolaters, instead of simple pillars, set up images carved in the human, or other form, to represent the object of their worship. Enrich your … They shall abide many days without a king and without a prince, &c. which has been the case with the ten tribes since their captivity by Salmaneser, and is at present the state of the whole Jewish nation, and has been above seventeen hundred years. So Kimichi, a Jew, explains it. Hosea 1 – The Prophet and the Prostitute A. a. The teraphim of idolaters were magical images, used for the purposes of divination, as appears in particular from Ezekiel in the place quoted. This seems the general import of this remarkable prophecy; but the several expressions must be more particularly explained. It, as representing the divinely constituted priesthood, is opposed to the idolatrous “teraphim,” as “sacrifice” (to Jehovah) is to “an (idolatrous) image.” “Abide” answers to “thou shalt abide for me” (Hosea 3:3). John Trapp Complete Commentary. “Sacrifice” was the center of worship before Christ. They who would return to God and find mercy, must diligently seek him through the Son of his love. In the last two passages the word is translated “idols,” “images,” their use as instruments of divination being condemned. For the children of Israel shall abide many days without a king, &c. John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Keil & Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary, Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible, Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments, George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Unabridged, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers. Gomer is not faithful to Hosea, yet God commands the prophet to take her … They must long sit like a widow, stripped of all joys and honours; but shall at length be received again. God's love for the prodigal people, Hosea 11:1-11 2. chapter 16). The teraphim are numbered among the abominations in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, which Josiah put away, 2 Kings 23:24. Having rejected Messiah (John 19:15). Teraphim were figurines seen as offering protection and as a means of divination, and were mainly connected with false worship and idolatry. Sacrifices were common to all religions. Then the LORD said to me, "Go again, love a woman who is loved by a lover and … Note; (1.) The word of the LORD: Plainly said, Hosea was a prophet.He spoke forth the word of the LORD, and applied that word to his life, and to the people and circumstances around him.Hosea was a man, but he was … 4 For the children of Israel shall abide many days c without king or prince, without sacrifice or sacred pillar, without d ephod or e teraphim. Commentary on Hosea by John Calvin. Hebrew. “The adulteress soul is whoever, forsaking the Creator, loveth the creature.” The rejection of our Lord was moreover the crowning act of apostasy, which set the seal on all former rejection of God. And when the sinful soul or nation is punished at last, God punishes not only the last act, which draws down the stroke, but all the former accumulated sins, which culminated in it. But it appears also, that idolaters, at least the idolatrous Israelites, sometimes dressed up the images of the deities they worshipped, in a gorgeous ephod resembling that of the high-priest, and made perhaps in imitation of it. Outline of Hosea 3 The prophet enters into a new contract, representing the gracious manner in which God will again restore Israel under a new covenant. “No one of their own nation has been able to gather them together or to become their king.”. Without an image; they could carry none of their images with them, and the Assyrians would not let them make new ones. So Kimchi, a Jew, explains it. Praying to God, yet without sacrifice for sin. Hosea 3:4. An image — They could carry none of their images with them, and the Assyrians would not let them make new ones. See Bishop Horsley. The ephod, therefore, appears to have been a principal ornament both of the true and of the false worship; and when the word is used, in the figurative language of prophesy, as it is in this passage, to express in general the external grandeur of public institutions; it is in itself of ambiguous import, and its connexions in the context must determine, whether it refers to the approved forms of a pure service, or to idolatry. Hosea was supposed to represent God’s love for Israel in his own undying love for Gomer. "Without ephod ... teraphim ..." The difficulty of knowing exactly what is said here derives from the fact that "ephod" apparently had two meanings. With the removal of the monarchy (see at Hosea 1:4), or the dissolution of the kingdom, not only was the Jehovah-worship abolished, but an end was also put to the idolatry of the nation, since the people discovered the worthlessness of the idols from the fact that, when the judgment burst upon them, they could grant no deliverance; and notwithstanding the circumstance that, when carried into exile, they were transported into the midst of the idolaters, the distress and misery into which they were then plunged filled them with abhorrence of idolatry (see at Hosea 2:7). On “ephod,” see Judges 17:5; Judges 18:14; Judges 18:17-20; on “teraphim,” Genesis 31:19-35; 1 Samuel 19:13-16; Ezekiel 21:21; Zechariah 10:2. 3 The Lord said to me, “Go, show your love to your wife again, though she is loved by another man and is an adulteress. This threat was fulfilled in the history of the ten tribes, when they were carried away with the Assyrian captivity, in which they continue for the most part to the present day without a monarchy, without Jehovah-worship, and without a priesthood. Verse 1 “And Jehovah said to me, Go again, and love a woman beloved of her companion, and committing adultery, as Jehovah loveth the children of Israel, and they turn to 14. "The adulteress soul is whoever, forsaking the Creator, loveth the creature." But now, according to this prophecy, the Jews in their captivity should have no way and means of knowing future things, either in a lawful or unlawful manner; see Psalm 74:9. Hosea 3:4 "For the children of Israel shall abide many days without a king, and without a prince, and without a sacrifice, and without an image, and without an ephod, and [without] teraphim:" “Without an ephod and without teraphim”: Idolatrous items of priestly clothing and objects of worship (idols in this case). Hosea 3 – The Restoration of an Adulterous Wife A. The ephod, the shoulder-dress of the high priest, to which the Urim and Thummim were attached, was the medium through which Jehovah communicated His revelations to the people, and was used for the purpose of asking the will of God (1 Samuel 23:9; 1 Samuel 30:7); and for the same purpose it was imitated in an idolatrous manner (Judges 17:5; Judges 18:5).

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